In various schools of thought in security, threats have been defined and conceptualized based on the specific epistemic foundations of each paradigm. This conceptual framing of threats plays a key role in their precise understanding. It also enables deeper analysis and the development of more effective counter-strategies. The primary objective of this research is to reconstruct the concept of security threats based on Islamic teachings. The central question is: How can Islamic teachings be used to reconstruct the discourse on security threats and offer a new, comprehensive framework for their analysis and management? The method employed in this study is thematic analysis.
The findings of the research reveal the identification of 130 indicators categorized into 10 components: the nature of threats, types of threats, levels of threats, factors and sources of threats, threat actors, threat targets, the environment of threats, tools of threats, methods of threat execution, and the control and mitigation of threats. Ultimately, these ten components correspond to three dimensions: ontology, causality, and methodology.
The results of the study indicate that the discourse on threats in Islamic teachings, relying on the dimensions of ontology, causality, and methodology, provides a comprehensive and distinct framework compared to Western security paradigms. This distinction arises from fundamental differences in Islamic ontology, anthropology, and axiology, offering a deeper and more practical understanding of threats.